Automatic firearm.



G. F. NARDIN.

AUTOMATIC FIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.6,1912.

L., Patented July 8, 1913.

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IN VEN-T01? C6265 Z1' MEN@ mijn C. E NARDN.

AUTOMATG FIRELRM.

APPJIOATIO 'ILED AUGJS, 1912. lmgm, Patented July 8, 1913.

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sw mw x /2 k G. P. NARDIN.

AUTOMATIC FIREARM. APPLIUATION FILED AUG.6. 1912.

Patented July 8,1913.

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nnrrnr) sim'rias cELEsTIN r. Naan-1N, or woont-zeven, New YORK.

AUTOMATIC- FREARM.

Specification of Letters Patent. Application flied August 6,1912. Seriana-713,603.

Patented Jul'yS, 1913.

To aU vaag/concern a citizen of-F rance, residing at VVoodhaven,

Long Island', in the` Icounty of Queens and State of New York,-have invented-new and- 'nseful 'Improvements in Automatic 'Fire` I .ai-ms, of' which thejfollowing' is a specifica-l tion.

vThe general *object of thefinvention is to improve the construction of automatic pistols byjso' arranging the Several parts `as to Vadmit of 'their -bein'g readily dismantled :whenever desiredfand to obtain the full propelling *effect 'on' the projectile of the exploded gases. And to this end the invention -consists in` certain'combinations and arrangevments of parts hereinafter more fully detion on the line 5 scribed and pointed. out in the appended I 'Other-'objects' will appear and be better understood from that embodiment of my in- ;vention of which the following is a specification', reference being had to the accompanying drawingsv forming part hereof in which :-jl .Figure 1 is a side 'elevation of the device. Fig. 2 isa detail side elevation Vof the movable side o he lock frame. Fig. 3 is a vertical longitudinal sectio'ntaken through the barrel, lock frame and upper portion of the magazine and showing the position ofthe parts at the end of the movementi produced by the' recoil. Fig. 4 is apdetail'partly in longitudinal section and side elevation showing the position ofthe parts when the piece is loaded and preparatory to effecting the initial firing. Fig. 5 is a `vertical cross sec- 5 of Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a detail side elevation partly in section of lthe breech block'- and its lock. Fig. 7 is a detail side elevation of the trigger. Fig. S is asectionalplan-view on the line 8 8 of Fig. 1. Fig. 9 is a sectional detail of the trigger dock. Fig. 10 is a section on. the line 10-10 oflFig. 6 and also showing one side of the magazine.

The jacket er false barrel 5 interlocks with the lock frame 6 and for this purpose t-he lock frame and false barrel are by preference provided with mutilated threaded portions 7 which admit of effecting the interi loclring of the parts when one of these, such is the false barrel, with the front sight hereof at right angles to the top of the lock frame, is inserted into the lockframe and given a quarter turn so as to bring the front Psightinto alinement with the top of the lock I The trigger frame Silbears on'a forwardly extending shelf9 carried by the handle 10 andthe trigger pin 11 which passes through `the trigger 12 land through openings in the sides of theti-igger frame 8,l' has one end loosely fitted in one side of'the lock frame while its opposite end is loosely fitted in the opposite side 1 3 of the said lock frame,v saidv opposite side 13 having one end pivoted to the under side of the false barrel 5 and its opposite end provided with a latch 14 which interlocks with therear end ofthe lock frame 6 when the side 13 lisarranged as shown in Fig. 1. By having the side 13 pivoted and acting as a door for. the lock frame and at the same time as a means for coi operating with the opposite side of the lock frame to retain -the trigger frame against lateraldisplacement, the said trigger'frame together with the other parts in the lock frame7 may be' readily removed or inspected' when the side or door 13 is swung outwardly,

The true barrel 16 `is arranged inthe false barrel 5 and is kept concentricwith the said false barrel by a 'bushing 17 which it carries and which is of suchsize as to slide within the false barrel 5. The retractor spring 18 has yoneend bearing on a sliding` member 17 and its opposite end ona shoulder 19 in the false barrel 5.v

The breech block 20 reciprocates in a longitudinal recess. 21 in'the upper side of the lock frame 6, its movements being limited by an end of the said recess 21-vand the true bar rel 16. The guides 22 carriedby the breech block, slide .in the guide grooves 23 in the forward end portion of the look frame and are connected together at their outerA ends as indicated at 24, at which point they are also pivotally connected to a handle 25 which latches onto a stud 26depending from the forward end portion of the true barrel 16 and extending through a longitudinal-.slot 27 in the lower side of the false barrel 5. The rear end of the true barrel slides through the forward end of the lock frame and this portion-of the true barrel is somewhat enlarged and formed withf an angularshaped extension 28 and a cam groove 29. The cam groove 29 receives a stud 30 projecting inwardly from the lock frame and the angular-shaped extension 28 is adapted when turned, to interlock with an angular- I hammer .33 and extends'between the guides 'shaped recess 31 in the breech block 20.

lVhen the breech block and true barrel are interlocked the said true barrel forms a continuation of the breech block and the joint between the parts is sufliciently tight to prevent any appreciable amountl of gas escaping therethrough.

The sear 32 has one end pivote-d in the is first depressed into the detents and the breech block is in open position, the free end ofthe Sear will be below and cont-acting with the under sides 4 of the guides 22, so that the lifting of the sear cannot be effected until the breech block moves forwardly and carries the cam surfaces 35 beyond the free end of the Sear, at which time, of course, the breech block will be interlocked with the barrel. Thus it will be Seen -that with this'v structure, the firing of the piece will be positively prevented until the breech block is closed.

The magazine 38 passesl upwardly through the hollow handle 10, the lock frame 6, through the Sear 32 between the guides 22 of the breech block 20,- and into alinement with the breech opening 39 in the upper side of the lock frame 6. The upper end portions of the side walls of the magazine are inturned so as to prevent theV cartridges from moving vertically upward when the breech block is opened, and to hold the uppermost cartridge in the 4path of movement of the breech block ywhen the latter moves forwardly. The magazine follower 40 is supported bythe magazine spring 41 which lifts the follower with its load each time a cartridge is slid from the upper end ofthe magazine. The follower-I moves in the path of a projecting portion 43 which extends vthrough a longitudinal slot inthe magazine, `this projecting portion is carried by the safety 44, and coperates with the follower to lift the said safety into a notch 45 in the lower side of one of the guides 22 of the breech block 20. This action on the part of the follower, of course, takes place after the last cartridge in the magazine has beenfired and ejected and as the breech block is moving into the open positionA to effect the cooking-'of the hammer, so that the trigger may not be pulled until the safety is released and a lled magazine substituted for the empty one.

The lower end of the magazine is pro. vided on its opposite sides with push buttons 46 which have shank portions constructed so as to interlock with key hole slots in the opposite lower portions of the handle 10.y

In use and with. the magazine filled with cartridges and with the parts positioned as shown in Fig. 3, the cooking of the piece is eii'ected by simply, pressing the trigger 12. Referring now to Fig. 3, it will be observed that there is associated with the trigger and its frame, a cooking lever 48 arranged in a recess in the trigger 12 and mounted on a pin 49 which passes through the sides of the trigger frame.

A stud '50 carried bythe cooking lever 48, has its ends f i positioned in cam grooves 51 in the opposite sidesof the recessfof the trigger. A spring 52 arranged in af socket in the triger 12, has one end bearingon a projection of the cdcking lever so as to hold the said lever normally in the position shown in Figs. 3 and 4, so that when the trigger is pressed,) as before stated, a projection 53 of the cooking lever which bears on one end of the sea' 32,' whenthe parts are positioned as shown in Fig. 4, presses the said sealr rearwardly until the end thereof enters detent 36 in the trigger' frame. It willbe observed that this movement on the part of the cocking lever is effected by thesides of the cam grooves 51 sliding on the stud 50.

With the hammer cocked as' shown in Fig..

3, further pressure on the trigger releases the sear and the hammer is moved forwardly under theaction of its spring 54. It will be observed that during the action of cooking the hammer by the cocking lever 48, the breech block will remain stationary sume that the magazine is filled with car-- tridges and a cartridge arranged in position to be fired, at the initial cooking of the hammer, thenwhen the said hammer moves forwardly it will strike the Iiring pin 55 carried by the, breech block 2O and this will effect the firing of the first cartridge. The recoil resulting from the ring of the first cartridge will move the breech block 20 rearwardly, and since this is interlocked with the true barrel the latter' will also move rearwardly in unison with the breech block.

To assist the rearward movement of the parts, a spring pressed plunger 56 is provided and has one end abutting a shoulder on the enlarged portion of the true barrel 16. When the breech block and true barrel are 105 and when the trigger is pressed so as to jdocking lever and thus effect 4the projectionli. I'oi-fthe trigger 12 against the pressure there-1I'v interlocked as shown in Fig. 4, the plunger spring will be compressed so as to expand when the breech block moves rearwardly under recoil, as before stated. During the rear- Ward movement of the true barrel and breech block, the said true barrel is turned by the action of the stud 30 in the cam groove 29 and this turning of the true barrel effects the unlocking thereof from the breech block 2O by turning the angularshaped projection 28 out of the recess 31. By this time the spring of the plunger 56 Awill have been fully expanded so that the true barrel will come to a stop, but the breech block will `continue its rearward movement under the. action of the recoil and thus effect the cooking of the hammer 33. With the hammer cocked, the breech block will move rearwardly until it abuts the rear end of the lock frame,l whereupon the breech opening 39 will be opened so as to admit of the expulsion of the exploded cartridge by the comined retractor and ejector spring 57, which is arranged and constructed so as tolit in the groove of t cartridge when the same is within the true 'barrel 16 and be tensioned thereby. As the breech block moves rearwardly the retractor spring 18 is compressed so that when the force of the recoil is spent, -the breech block will move to closed position under the action o'f-the spring and during such` movement will slide the u permost cartridge from the magazine and irect the said cartridge into the true barrel 16. During the positioning of the cartridge in the true barrel the breech block will abut the rear end of the said true barrel and as the said breech block continues its forward movement the true barrel will be turned and moved longitudinally as to eifect its interlocking with the breech block by the time that the latter is at the end of its forward movement, at "which time the enlarged p0rtion of the true barrel will abut against the shoulder presented by the inner end of the false barrel. Now with the hammer cocked by the recoil a slight pressure on the trigger fis all that is necessary to eifect the tripping,

of the sear and as the said sear moves for-'zj "ardiy, it will abut the projection 53 of thll 'on by the operators fingers. Now with the4 ,l trigger projected, the detent 36 will be free;-

to receive the. sear when the latter is again move rearwardly under the recoil action on 'v- Copies of this patent may be obtained for the breech blonk'2 thus the accidental firing of a second cartridge willgbe prevented.

What is claimed as new is: t '1. In a recoil operated automatic pistol,

4 the combination with a lock frame, a trigger and a sear arranged in the lock frame; of a trigger frame arranged in the lock frame and adapted to interlock with the sear, and a cooking lever arranged to be operated by locking of the sear with the trigger frame.

2. In a recoil operated automatic pistol the combination with a lock frame, a trigger and a sear arranged in the lock frame; of a portion having a detent to receive the sear upon the cooking of the hammer, and a cocking lever associated with the trigger and operated thereby to eli'ect the interlocking of the sear with the detent.

3. In a recoil operated automatic pistol, the combination with alock frame and a hammer arranged in the lock frame; of a sear pivotally connected to the hammer, a trigger located inthe lock frame, a portion arranged in the lock frame and having a detent to interlock with the sear when the hammer is cocked, and a cooking lever associated with the trigger and arranged to be operated by pressing onthe trigger to ei'ect the interlocklng of the sear with the detent.

4. In a recoll operated automatic pistol the combination of a lock frame, a slotted false barrel connected to one end of the lock frame, a true barrel slidingly fitted in the false barrel, a member sli'dingly fitted on the true barrel and having a portion extending through the slot of .the false barrel, a recipv lock frame, a trigger frame arranged in the lock frame, anda trigger bar having a bearing in the said plate.

In testimony whereof I afhx my signature in presence of two witnesses.

- CELESTIN F. NARDIN. Witnesses:

M. E. LAUGHL1N, THEO. H. FRIEND.

ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, I D. C.

65 pressing on the trigger to effect the inter- 

